Total ankle arthroplasty replaces the damaged ankle joint with a prosthetic implant to relieve pain while preserving ankle motion, as an alternative to ankle fusion.
Indicated for patients with end-stage ankle arthritis who are appropriate candidates based on age, weight, bone quality, and deformity. It is preferred over fusion when preserving motion is a priority.
Performed under regional or general anesthesia, typically taking 1.5 to 2 hours. The damaged joint surfaces are replaced with metal and polyethylene components. A splint is applied postoperatively followed by gradual weight bearing.
Risks include implant loosening, subsidence, infection, wound healing issues, nerve injury, and the need for revision or conversion to fusion.
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