Spinal fusion joins two or more vertebrae together using bone graft and hardware to eliminate painful motion and stabilize the spine after disc degeneration, deformity, or instability.
Indicated for patients with degenerative disc disease, spondylolisthesis, deformity, or instability causing persistent pain and neurologic symptoms that have not responded to conservative treatment.
Performed under general anesthesia, with duration depending on the number of levels fused. Bone graft and screws, rods, or cages are used to achieve fusion. Hospital stay is typically 1 to 3 days.
Risks include adjacent segment disease, pseudarthrosis, hardware failure, infection, nerve injury, and blood clots.
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