Post-Traumatic Shoulder Arthritis

Post-traumatic shoulder arthritis develops as a consequence of a prior injury — such as fracture, dislocation, or rotator cuff tear — that alters the joint mechanics or damages articular cartilage. It can occur years to decades after the original injury and is a common indication for shoulder replacement.

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Typical Recovery Time

Joint replacement recovery: 6–12 months

Symptoms

•Progressive shoulder pain years after an injury
•Stiffness and reduced motion
•Grinding with shoulder movement
•Weakness with overhead activity
•Night pain and sleep disturbance

Common Causes

•Prior shoulder fracture (especially humeral head)
•History of recurrent dislocations
•Large chronic rotator cuff tear leading to cuff tear arthropathy
•Avascular necrosis after steroid use or trauma
•Infection or prior surgery altering joint mechanics

Treatment Options

1Conservative management with PT and injections initially

2Activity modification

3Total shoulder arthroplasty

4Reverse total shoulder replacement (if associated cuff tear)

5Biologic options (PRP, stem cells) being studied

When to See a Doctor

If you have a history of a significant shoulder injury and are developing progressive pain and stiffness, see an orthopedic surgeon for X-ray evaluation.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is post-traumatic shoulder arthritis?

Post-traumatic shoulder arthritis is joint wear that develops after a prior injury such as a fracture or dislocation. Damage to the cartilage leads to pain and stiffness over time. Symptoms may develop years after the original injury.

What causes post-traumatic arthritis?

It occurs when an injury disrupts the joint surface or alignment. Over time, this leads to uneven wear and cartilage breakdown. The risk increases with more severe injuries.

What are the symptoms?

Symptoms include shoulder pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion. Pain may worsen with activity and improve with rest. Some people notice grinding or catching in the joint.

How is it treated?

Treatment focuses on pain control and improving function with therapy and medications. Injections may help reduce inflammation. Surgery is considered for advanced cases with significant symptoms.

Can I stay active?

Yes, many people remain active with modifications to avoid painful movements. Low-impact activities are often recommended. Staying active can help maintain joint function and strength.

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