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Hip

Piriformis Syndrome

Piriformis syndrome occurs when the piriformis muscle in the buttock irritates or compresses the sciatic nerve. It can cause buttock pain and sciatica-like symptoms down the leg.

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Typical Recovery Time
4-8 weeks

Symptoms

  • •Deep buttock pain
  • •Pain radiating down the back of the leg
  • •Numbness or tingling in the leg
  • •Pain worsens with sitting
  • •Pain with hip rotation

Common Causes

  • •Overuse from running or cycling
  • •Direct trauma to the buttock
  • •Prolonged sitting

Treatment Options

1Rest and activity modification
2Stretching of the piriformis muscle
3Physical therapy
4NSAIDs
5Cortisone or botulinum toxin injections

When to See a Doctor

If you have severe sciatica, progressive weakness, or bowel and bladder changes.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is piriformis syndrome?
Piriformis syndrome occurs when the piriformis muscle in the buttock irritates the nearby sciatic nerve. This can cause pain in the buttock and sometimes down the leg. It can feel similar to sciatica from the lower back.
What causes piriformis syndrome?
It is caused by muscle tightness, overuse, or irritation of the piriformis muscle. Running, prolonged sitting, and repetitive hip rotation can contribute. Trauma or muscle imbalance may also play a role.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms include deep buttock pain that may radiate down the leg. Sitting, running, or climbing stairs may worsen pain. Some people feel numbness or tingling in the leg.
How is it treated?
Treatment includes stretching, physical therapy, and improving hip strength and flexibility. Activity modification and posture changes can help. Injections may be considered if symptoms persist.
When can I return to activity?
Return depends on pain and improved hip mobility. Many people improve over several weeks. Gradual return to activity helps prevent recurrence.
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