Open reduction and internal fixation is a surgical technique used to realign and stabilize fractures using plates, screws, wires, or rods applied directly to the bone.
Indicated for displaced or unstable fractures throughout the body where closed treatment cannot maintain adequate alignment for healing and functional recovery.
Performed under regional or general anesthesia. An incision is made over the fracture site to directly visualize and reduce the bone. Hardware is applied to hold the fragments in position. Duration and complexity vary by fracture location and pattern.
Risks include infection, hardware failure or prominence, non-union, malunion, nerve or vessel injury, and the need for hardware removal.
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