MCL Injury

The medial collateral ligament (MCL) runs along the inner side of the knee and prevents it from bending inward. MCL injuries range from mild sprains to complete tears and are common in contact sports.

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Typical Recovery Time

2-8 weeks for Grade 1-2; 3+ months for Grade 3

Symptoms

•Pain on the inner side of the knee
•Swelling and stiffness
•Feeling of instability
•Pain when pressure is applied to the outer knee

Common Causes

•Direct blow to the outside of the knee
•Sudden change of direction
•Hyperextension of the knee

Treatment Options

1RICE protocol

2Bracing

3Physical therapy

4NSAIDs

5Surgery is rarely needed for isolated MCL tears

When to See a Doctor

If you have significant instability, cannot bear weight, or suspect a combined ligament injury.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is an MCL injury?

An MCL injury is damage to the ligament on the inside of the knee that helps provide stability. It is a common knee injury in sports. It can range from a mild sprain to a complete tear.

What causes an MCL injury?

It is usually caused by a force pushing the knee inward, such as during contact sports. Sudden twisting or impact can also cause injury. Skiing and football are common causes.

What are the symptoms?

Symptoms include pain on the inside of the knee, swelling, and tenderness. Some people feel instability or looseness. Walking may be uncomfortable.

How is it treated?

Most MCL injuries are treated without surgery using bracing, rest, and physical therapy. Strengthening and stability exercises are important. Severe injuries may require further evaluation.

When can I return to activity?

Return depends on severity and recovery progress. Mild injuries may heal in a few weeks, while more severe injuries take longer. Activity should resume once strength and stability are restored.

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