Bankart Lesion

A Bankart lesion is a tear of the anteroinferior labrum from the glenoid rim, typically caused by an anterior shoulder dislocation. It is the most common structural injury underlying recurrent anterior shoulder instability and often requires surgical repair in active patients.

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Typical Recovery Time

5–6 months post-surgery for return to sport

Symptoms

•Anterior shoulder pain after dislocation
•Apprehension with arm in the throwing position
•Repeated instability episodes
•Clicking or catching with shoulder movement
•Weakness and decreased confidence overhead

Common Causes

•Anterior shoulder dislocation (primary cause)
•Repetitive anterior stress (throwing, swimming)
•Contact sport collision
•Fall on outstretched hand
•Direct blow to the posterior shoulder

Treatment Options

1Conservative rehab for low-demand or older patients

2Arthroscopic Bankart repair (labral reattachment)

3Open stabilization for large bony Bankart lesions

4Post-surgical physical therapy 4–6 months

5Sport-specific return-to-play program

When to See a Doctor

Evaluation with MRI arthrogram is recommended after any shoulder dislocation in an athlete under 30 to assess for Bankart lesion.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a Bankart lesion?

A Bankart lesion is a specific type of labral tear that occurs at the front of the shoulder socket. It usually happens after a shoulder dislocation. This injury can make the shoulder unstable.

What causes a Bankart lesion?

It is most often caused by a traumatic shoulder dislocation. The force of the dislocation tears the labrum from the bone. Contact sports and falls increase the risk.

What are the symptoms?

Symptoms include shoulder instability, pain, and a feeling that the shoulder may slip out of place. Some people experience clicking or weakness. It is often worse with overhead or throwing activities.

Do I need surgery for a Bankart lesion?

Some patients improve with physical therapy, especially if instability is mild. However, surgery is often recommended for recurrent dislocations or athletes. The goal is to restore stability to the joint.

How long is recovery?

Recovery depends on treatment. Non-surgical care may take a few months. After surgery, return to sports typically takes several months with guided rehabilitation.

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