Anterior Labral Tear

An anterior labral tear involves injury to the front portion of the glenoid labrum and is closely related to anterior shoulder instability. It is most commonly caused by a shoulder dislocation and often presents as a Bankart lesion. Anterior labral tears are the primary structural lesion in recurrent anterior instability.

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Typical Recovery Time

5–6 months for return to sport after repair

Symptoms

•Anterior shoulder pain after trauma
•Apprehension and guarding with the arm raised and rotated outward
•Repeated instability episodes
•Clicking, popping, or locking
•Decreased shoulder strength and confidence

Common Causes

•Anterior shoulder dislocation (most common)
•Repetitive anterior stress in overhead athletes
•Contact sport injury
•Fall on outstretched hand
•Throwing mechanics placing high anterior stress

Treatment Options

1Conservative physical therapy for low-demand patients

2Arthroscopic Bankart repair

3Open stabilization for complex bone loss cases

4Post-surgical rehab program

5Return-to-sport testing before clearance

When to See a Doctor

See a sports medicine provider or orthopedist after any shoulder dislocation in an active patient — MRI arthrogram is the gold standard for labral evaluation.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is an anterior labral tear?

An anterior labral tear is an injury to the cartilage at the front of the shoulder socket. This cartilage helps stabilize the shoulder joint. When it is torn, the shoulder can feel unstable or painful.

What causes an anterior labral tear?

It is often caused by shoulder dislocations or repeated overhead movements. Athletes who throw or perform contact sports are at higher risk. Trauma or sudden force can also lead to a tear.

What are the symptoms?

Symptoms include shoulder pain, clicking, or a feeling that the joint is slipping. Some people experience weakness or instability. Pain is often worse with overhead or rotational movements.

How is it treated and do I need surgery?

Many cases are treated with physical therapy to strengthen the shoulder and improve stability. Activity modification and medications may also help. Surgery is considered if instability or pain continues despite treatment.

When can I return to sports?

Return to sports depends on healing and shoulder stability. Non-surgical recovery may take several weeks to months. Surgical recovery can take several months before full return to activity.