AC Joint Sprain

An acromioclavicular (AC) joint sprain is an injury to the joint at the top of the shoulder where the collarbone meets the shoulder blade. It is commonly caused by a fall onto the shoulder.

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Typical Recovery Time

2-12 weeks depending on grade

Symptoms

•Pain and tenderness at the top of the shoulder
•Swelling or a visible bump
•Pain with arm movement across the body
•Weakness in the shoulder

Common Causes

•Fall directly onto the shoulder
•Fall onto an outstretched hand
•Direct blow to the shoulder in contact sports

Treatment Options

1RICE protocol

2Sling for comfort

3NSAIDs

4Physical therapy

5Surgery for severe Grade 3+ separations

When to See a Doctor

If there is a visible deformity, severe pain, or you cannot move your arm.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is an AC joint sprain?

An AC joint sprain, also called a shoulder separation, is an injury to the ligaments at the top of the shoulder. It usually occurs when these ligaments are stretched or torn during a fall or direct hit. This can lead to pain, swelling, and sometimes a visible bump.

What causes an AC joint sprain?

It is most commonly caused by falling directly onto the shoulder or a hard impact during sports. Contact sports like football and hockey increase the risk. It can also happen from a fall onto an outstretched hand.

What are the symptoms?

Pain at the top of the shoulder is the most common symptom. You may also have swelling, tenderness, and pain when moving the arm across your body. Severe injuries can cause a noticeable deformity.

Do I need surgery for an AC joint sprain?

Most AC joint sprains do not require surgery and heal with rest, a sling, and physical therapy. Pain usually improves over several weeks. Surgery is considered only for more severe injuries or ongoing symptoms.

How long does recovery take?

Recovery can take anywhere from 2 to 12 weeks depending on the severity. Mild injuries heal faster, while more severe sprains take longer. Return to sports depends on pain-free movement and strength.